Step 1: Enter Generator Parameters

Supply Frequency, \( f \) (Hz):

Example: 60 Hz

Number of Turns, \( N \):

Example: 500 turns

Flux per Pole, \( \phi \) (Wb):

Example: 0.02 Wb

The induced EMF of a transformer is calculated using the formula E1 = 4.44 ϕ f N1 for the primary side and E2 = 4.44 ϕ f N2 for the secondary side, where E1 and E2 are the RMS values of induced EMF, ϕ is the magnetic flux, f is the supply frequency, N1 is the number of turns in the primary winding, and N2 is the number of turns in the secondary winding; this is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, essentially stating that the induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux and the number of turns in the coil.

Key points about this formula:

Meaning of "4.44":This constant arises from the mathematical conversion of the peak flux to the RMS value of the flux, which is necessary for calculating the RMS value of the induced EMF.
"emf per turn" is constant:The equation shows that the ratio of induced EMF to the number of turns (E1/N1 = E2/N2) is the same for both primary and secondary windings, which is a fundamental principle of transformer operation.

How to use the formula:

To find the induced EMF in the primary winding (E1):
- Multiply the maximum flux (ϕ) by the frequency (f), the number of turns in the primary winding (N1), and the constant 4.44.
To find the induced EMF in the secondary winding (E2):
- Use the same formula but substitute the number of turns in the secondary winding (N2) instead of N1.

Step 1: Enter Generator Parameters

Calculated Induced EMF