Probability Calculator

Probability - Solve mathematical problems with step-by-step solutions.

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Updated January 2025
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Probability Calculator

For Independent Events

Probability Basics

This calculator assumes events are independent.
P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B)
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)

How the Probability Calculator Works

Probability is the measure of how likely an event is to occur. It's expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 means impossible and 1 means certain. Probabilities can also be expressed as percentages (0% to 100%) or fractions.

Basic Formula

P(A) = Favorable outcomes / Total outcomes

Probability always falls between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%). P = 0 means impossible, P = 0.5 means equally likely, and P = 1 means certain.

Types of Probability

Simple Probability

The probability of a single event occurring.

Example: Rolling a 4 on a six-sided die: P = 1/6 ≈ 0.167 or 16.7%

Compound Probability

The probability of two or more events occurring.

  • AND (Independent): P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B)
  • OR (Mutually Exclusive): P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

Conditional Probability

The probability of an event occurring given that another event has occurred.

P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B)

Common Examples

Coin Flip

P(Heads) = 1/2 = 0.5 = 50%

Two equally likely outcomes

Drawing a Card

P(Ace) = 4/52 ≈ 0.077 = 7.7%

4 aces in a 52-card deck

Two Dice Sum

P(Sum = 7) = 6/36 ≈ 0.167 = 16.7%

Six ways to get 7 out of 36 outcomes

Weather Forecast

P(Rain) = 0.3 = 30%

Based on historical data and models

Frequently Asked Questions